Cafe Pushkin - A place for fine dining, with a variety of Russian dishes.  Take advantage of the lunch menu (around 20 euro), you get a 3-course meal plus tea (or coffee).  The place is beautiful, the waiters look straight from the pages of "Anna Karenina", all the dishes are exquisitely prepared.  A beautiful experience.  Dinners can be very expensive.  $250 per person is not unusual - even more, if you choose the "right" wine.  If eating blini with black caviar and vodka is on your list of things to do in Russia, this place is as good as it gets, but black caviar is very expensive even in Russia, and especially so here.  Reservations required for dinner - best to reserve two or three days in advance.

Central House of Writers - Another great Russian restaurant, with European dishes as well.  Also can be difficult to get a reservation.  Situated in a historic building which was used in a variety of ways (one of which was as a haven for writers), before becoming a restaurant.  Very expensive.

Cafe des Artistes - Located on Kamergerski Pereulok, a pedestrian street in the center, not far from the Kremlin and the Bolshoi Theater, with outdoor dining in the warm months.  Great for a pre-or-post theater dinner.  Excellent mixed European menu, good wine list and service.  Reservations recommended, but not always required.

Portofino - Serving primarily Italian cuisine, this restaurant bills itself as a "mushroom" restaurant.  Whether it is Italian or Mushroom, the dishes are all very well-prepared, from fresh ingredients, and the wine list is not bad.  Be careful of the truffles.  They are very generous in offering them as an "enhancement" to your dish, but sometimes fail to tell you that they charge for them by the gram, and they are expensive.

 Palazzo Ducale - Italian cuisine, great central location and good wine selection.  Very good service.

Carre Blanc - French cuisine, patio seating in summer (not on the street, but in an enclosed area) and all the extras you would expect from a good French restaurant, including high prices.

Vanil - This restaurant is in one of the most exclusive locations in the city, and is a place to see and be seen, if you are one of the "pretty people."  Very expensive mixed European menu. 

Ghandara - Pakistani food doesn't usually make the fine dining list in most cities, but Ghandara really is a very good restaurant, and the prices certainly reflect the quality.  Exotic, but tasteful decor, combined with excellent service and high-quality preparation make this a very nice option, and although it is expensive for this type of food, it is still cheaper than most of the others listed on this page.